Covering 7 districts, 70 mandals, and 1380 villages, the Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA) stands as the largest Urban Development Authority in India. With plans to incorporate all mandals and villages within and surrounding the RRR into the HMDA, the real estate industry is poised for a substantial boost and holistic development across Hyderabad’s regions. Investing around the Regional Ring Road now presents a prime opportunity for substantial profits post-completion.

Nearly all land areas are seeing more hot days and heat waves presently. 2024 Summer was one of the hottest years on record in India. Changes in temperature cause more severe and frequent storms. Deserts are expanding, reducing land for growing food. Many people now face the threat of not having enough water on a regular basis. The ocean soaks up most of the heat from global warming, this melts ice sheets and raises sea levels. The ocean also absorbs carbon dioxide, keeping it from the atmosphere, more carbon dioxide makes the ocean more acidic. Climate change poses risks to the survival of species on land and in the ocean. These risks increase as temperatures climb. Forest fires, extreme weather, and invasive pests and diseases are among many threats.

                            Changes in climate and increases in extreme weather events where people cannot grow or find sufficient food are among the reasons behind a global rise in hunger and poor nutrition, increase diseases and deaths, and make it difficult for health care systems. Fisheries, crops, and livestock may be destroyed or become less productive. Heat stress can diminish water and grasslands for grazing. Weather-related disasters displace 2.3 crore people a year, leaving many more vulnerable to poverty. Climate change impacts are seen throughout every aspect of the world we live in. However, climate change impacts are uneven across the country and the world — even within a single community, climate change impacts can differ between neighborhoods or individuals.

                            The projections of a climate change-impacted future are not inevitable. Experts believe there is still time to avoid the most negative of outcomes by limiting warming offsite link and reducing emissions to zero as quickly as possible. Reducing our emissions of greenhouse gases will require investment in new technology and infrastructure, which will spur job growth. Additionally, lowering emissions will lessen harmful impacts to human health, saving countless lives and billions of dollars in health-related expenses.

Growing forests and plantation farms can significantly help mitigate climate change because trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, through carbon sequestration and effectively reducing the amount of greenhouse gases present, thus helping to slow down global warming; therefore, expanding forest areas is considered a key strategy to combat climate change. Forests store large amounts of carbon in their biomass, effectively removing carbon dioxide from the air. Deforestation causes stored carbon released back into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. Besides carbon sequestration, forests also regulate rainfall patterns, protect water resources, prevent soil erosion and provide habitats for biodiversity by balancing echo system.

The average tree absorbs an average of 10 kilograms, or 22 pounds, of carbon dioxide per year for the first 20 years. The results here are saying that there is a range between 4.5 and 40.7 tons of Carbon Dioxide removed per year per hectare during the first 20 years of tree growth.

Recent Landsat satellite-based analyses show that close to 400 million hectares (988 million acres) of forests have been disturbed in this century alone (2000-2017), either by human activities or through droughts and fires. The international research team, led by Jean-Francois Bastin of ETH-Zurich in Switzerland, used direct measurements of forest cover around the world to create a model for estimating Earth’s forest restoration potential by government and private land owners by plantation farms. They found Earth’s ecosystems could support another 900 million hectares (2.2 billion acres) of forests and plantation farms, 25 percent more forested area and plantation farms than we have now. By planting more than a half trillion trees, the authors say, we could capture about 205 gigatons of carbon (a gigaton is 1 billion metric tons), reducing atmospheric carbon by about 25 percent. That’s enough to negate about 20 years of human-produced carbon emissions at the current rate, or about half of all carbon emitted by humans since 1960.

                                     Sassan Saatchi, a senior scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, believes reforestation has some merit. He says there’s potential for using reforestation, afforestation and growing plantation farms as a climate mitigation tool and cautions for more advanced technologies for decreasing fossil fuel emissions.

                                     A recent USDA Forest Service study found that forest managers have the opportunity to enhance the carbon sequestration capabilities of existing forests by planting trees and supporting plantation farms. According to the study, the federal government currently has the infrastructure to produce and plant about 65 million seedlings per year while state and private actors have the capacity to produce and plant about 1.1 billion seedlings per year. Combined, the 1.2 billion trees planted could sequester between 16 million and 28 million tons of carbon dioxide a year. This equals the amount of energy used to power between 1.8 million and 3.2 million homes in one year. Altogether, forests and plantation farms in the U.S. offset about 16 percent or three decades worth of greenhouse gas emissions emitted from cars, trucks, power plants, and other sources in country.

China has announced an ambitious plan to plant trees over 73.78 million hectares between 2020 and 2050, increase forest cover to 25 % by 2030. In 2023, the country built and upgraded 34,000 hectares of urban green space, increased the green coverage ratio of villages to 32.01 percent, and conducted highway greening of over 80,000 km. About 3.998 million hectares of forest were planted in the country, higher than the 3.83 million hectares of afforestation seen in 2022, and 4.379 million hectares of degraded grassland were restored.

Thick forests and plantation farms provided a substantial source of revenue. Last year, the output value of China’s forestry and grassland industry reached 9.28 trillion yuan (about 1.31 trillion U.S. dollars), up 2.3 percent year on year, and more than 2.531 billion trips were recorded in ecotourism.

Indian government has committed to increasing forest cover to five million hectares by 2030. This will help sequester an additional 2.5–3 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent by 2030.

India has a long tradition of community participation in forest restoration, including the Chipko movement in the 1970s. India aims to increase its forest cover from 23% to 33% of its land area by 2030. According to the 2024 India State of Forest Report (ISFR), India’s forest cover increased by 1,540 square kilometers between 2019 and 2024, and is now 21.71% of the country’s total geographical area. However, the National Forest Policy of India states that the ideal percentage of forest cover to maintain ecological stability is at least 33%.

                                                 As of March 2024, the Telangana Forest Department announced that the state’s forest area will increase from 24.05% to 33%, in line with the National Forest Policy of 1988. The department is taking several steps to increase the forest cover. Based on the interpretation of IRS Resource sat-2 LISS III satellite data of the period Nov 2017 to Jan 2018, the Forest Cover in the State is 20,582.31 sq km which is 18.36 % of the State’s geographical area. In terms of forest canopy density classes, the State has 1,608.24 sq km under Very Dense Forest (VDF), 8,787.13 sq km under Moderately Dense Forest (MDF) and 10,186.94 sq km under Open Forest (OF). Forest Cover in the State has increased by 163.31 sq km as compared to the previous assessment reported in ISFR 2017. As of 2023,the State has reported extent of recorded forest area (RFA) 26,904 sq km which is 24.00% of its geographical area. The reserved, protected and unclassed forests are 75.65%, 22.07% and 2.28% of the recorded forest area in the State respectively.

Telangana and Andhra Pradesh governments are supporting private land owners to grow and sell plantation farms in small parcels. In Telangana total 225000 hectares of various plantation farms are being grown for various types of  income sources by land owners. Around Hyderabad 5000 Acres of plantation farms are being grown for long term returns by various ventures.         

Forest ecosystems and private Plantation Farms are the largest land-based carbon sink on Earth.   

Presently Bengaluru and Hyderabad names are in a row for the second capital of India. Both cities are cosmopolitan in nature, resistant to nature disasters, IT and Biotech industries, startups, safety, leisure options, best transportation facilities, military cantonment, Defence companies, Space Centers, land availability, large water bodies and other strategic positions. 

In 2004 international airport bidding fueled developments towards NH 44, from then Hyderabad is expanding organically towards Bengaluru highway. 

Establishments around Bengaluru highway:

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Shamshabad. 

Jeeyar Medical services and college, Ramanuja Statue of Equality and ashram in Muchintala.

Kanha Shanti Vanam, Shri Ramchandra Mission centre in Chegur.

Jahangir Peer (JP) Dargha, Kothur. 

Symbiosis University, Mamidpally. 

Industries:

Johnson & Johnson, NATCO, HUL, MSN, Asian Paints, Haldiram, LV Prasad Eye Research Institute, Microsoft Data Centre,  ISRO NRSC and IT SEZ.

Budget Allocations:

1.Highway expansion 6 lanes from Bengaluru to Hyderabad, industrial corridor expressway, for overall highways, 2.78 Lakhs Crores. 

2.An industrial corridor with 15,000 Crores. 

3.High Speed Rail from Hyderabad to Bengaluru with 30,000 Crores.

4.GHMC and HUDA developments with 10000 Crores.

5.Proposed 352km Regional Ring Road with 20,000 Crores.

6.Proposed 60 radial roads connecting Inner, outer and regional ring roads.

5.Department of Space allocation 13,042Crores, for ISRO-NRSC 560 Crores.

SPACE INDUSTRY:

The Indian Space economy is $9 Billion, with a 2% share in the global space economy, 400 companies operating in the Indian Space industry.

The National Remote Sensing Agency(NRSC) with headquarters in Hyderabad analyses satellites and space data. NRSC in Shadnagar is the biggest centre spread over 350 Acres. Shadnagar is going to be the future Space hub.

Real Estate:

Bengaluru highway is a hub for residential plots, investment plots and farm plots. Most business happens around Shadnagar and Balanagar. 

In 2023 a total of 42,000 plots were registered in Shadnagar, Farooqnagar and Balanagar mandals. In August, 2024 total 2350 plots were registered in these three mandals.

ISRO-NRSC in Annaram, Shadnagar is going to be the future Space City and people’s habits towards suburbs with green belt creates huge demand for housing facilities on Bengaluru highway.

Some of the major soil types and crops grown:

Red Soils: Red soils are the most dominant soil type in Telangana. They are formed from weathered crystalline rocks and are characterized by their reddish color. Red soils are generally rich in iron oxide and have good drainage properties.

They are suitable for growing a wide range of crops, including cotton, red gram (pigeon pea), groundnut, millets, sunflower, and vegetables.

Black Soils (Regur Soils): Black soils, also known as regur soils or black cotton soils, are clayey soils found in the region. They have a high moisture retention capacity and are rich in minerals like calcium, magnesium, and iron.

 Black soils are highly fertile and suitable for growing crops such as cotton, sorghum, maize, groundnut, soybean, and pulses.

Alluvial Soils: Alluvial soils are found in the river valleys and delta regions of Telangana. They are formed by the deposition of sediments carried by rivers and are generally fertile.

Alluvial soils have good water-retaining capacity and are suitable for growing paddy (rice), sugarcane, maize, pulses, and vegetables.

Sandy Soils: Sandy soils are found in the drier regions of Telangana, particularly in the northern parts. They have a coarse texture and low water-holding capacity.

Sandy soils are suitable for growing crops such as groundnut, millets (like jowar and bajra), castor, and vegetables that can tolerate drought conditions.

Laterite Soils: Laterite soils are found in certain hilly areas of Telangana. They are formed by the weathering of rocks in humid tropical regions and are characterized by their reddish-brown color and high iron content.

Laterite soils are generally less fertile but can support the cultivation of certain crops like cashew, coconut, oilseeds, and spices.

It’s important to note that the choice of crops grown in these soils depends not only on soil types but also on other factors like climate, water availability, and market demand

SRI GHANDHAM (WHITE SANDALWOOD)

Sri Gandham (White sandalwood-Santalum album) and Yerra Chandhanam (Red sandalwood-Pterocarpus santalinus) are being used from centuries. These trees have cultural, commercial and medicinal importance. Every part of sandalwood trees (heartwood-centre of tree trunk; root; leaves etc) are having commercial value and have great demand. It is proven fact that cultivation of White sandalwood and Red sandalwood makes farmers super rich due to its high demand. This is the best long -term investment, with tremendous returns. These are one of the world’s most valuable commercial crops.

             Fragrant sandalwood has excellent market value and farmers can get high income. White sandalwood is a partial root parasitic plant, so it derives its nutritional requirement from other plants i.e., Host plant/supporting plant. Farmers can buy sandalwood plants from INSTITUTE OF WOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY [INDIAN COUNCIL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH& EDUCATION, BANGALORE] (or) from certified nurseries. While planting sandalwood plants spacing (12*12;14*14 are highly recommended spacing) is of main importance in order to get high yield. Along with sandalwood plants, host plants should be planted so that sandalwood plants can take nutrients from host plants. Sesbania, casuarina, pigeon pea, guava, citrus sps, pomegranate, mango etc are used as host plants. It gives better yield when it is cultivated by using organic method. ’DRIP IRRIGATION’ method is mostly suggested. With in the space between White sandalwood trees inter cropping can be done. Pulses like pigeon pea; vegetables like Tomato, chilli, leafy vegetables etc; fruits like citrus sps, pomegranate, guava, mango etc; flowers like chrysanthemum, rose etc can be grown between sandalwood plants. So that farmer can get continuous income (from inter crop-present income; from sandalwood-future income). Major pest attack during cultivation is ‘STEM BORER’. Management practices to reduce stem borer attack is application of lime and copper sulphate to the stem of tree (or) injecting monocrotophos or chlorpyrifos to stem. Care should be taken for 1 to 2 years after planting. Yielding time is more than 15years.Sandalwood cultivation is more profitable than any other investments. After harvesting of White sandalwood, farmer can receive minimum ‘1lakh’of profit from each tree.

                     Heartwood in Indian sandalwood  has great fragnant value. Heartwood and roots of Sandalwood contains Sandal oil. Sandal powder is used in health and beauty incentives. Sandal oil is used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, aromatherapy, soap industry and in making perfumes. It works as antinflamatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic agent. White sandalwood is used in religious rituals and in making furnitures, carvings.

               ‘ SANDALWOOD OIL HAS  FOREVER DEMAND.’

                Price of white sandalwood: 1kg of Heartwood cost is

            Rs.7,000 to Rs.9,000.

                 LET’S INVEST ON SANDALWOOD CULTIVATION AND LEAD A LUXURIOUS LIFE.